Posted by
Pioneers on Wednesday, June 17, 2009 12:00:00 AM
Concept:
Anti-infective agents
with means to kill or inhibit the role of a variety of pathogenic
microorganisms, can be oral, intramuscular injection, intravenous
injection of a variety of applications, such as systemic antibiotics,
sulfonamides and quinolones, as well as other chemical pharmaceuticals
drugs (isoniazid, a Sodium triazole, nitrofurantoin, PPA, etc.).
The rational use of anti-infective agents:
1. Should be familiar with the selection of drug resistant
microorganisms in the original activity, pharmacokinetics, indications
and adverse reactions.
2. To establish an early etiological diagnosis. The right to establish
a reasonable choice of the pathogen was a prerequisite for
anti-infective agents. Some conventional methods of pathogen should
also not be easily separated as much as possible to use alternative
diagnostic technologies, including a variety of immunological tests.
Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria should be as much
as possible for the drug sensitivity (susceptibility) the determination
and, if necessary, and to conduct joint drug sensitivity test for the
selection of drug reference, which deal with serious systemic infection
is particularly important.
3. Should be in patients with physiological and pathological immune
status, such as rational drug use. Neonatal hypoplasia enzymes in vivo,
drug plasma protein binding capacity of the weaker, lower glomerular
filtration rate, most of the elderly reduce plasma protein, also
decreased renal function, after the application of conventional-dose
serum concentration and half-life are often increased and extended, so
a small amount of appropriate conditions should be regularly monitored
at the plasma peak concentration Valley.
4. Topical application of anti-infective agents to prevent or to avoid
strict control should be a clear indication for a small number of
persons; as for the prevention of coma, shock, such as patients with
infections, or cleaning to prevent infection after surgery is often
futile .
Should try to avoid skin and mucous membrane, such as local
application of anti-infective agents, as easily cause an allergic
reaction, but also easy to have led to drug-resistant. Therefore, in
addition to the main drug for local application, such as neomycin,
bacitracin, mupirocin, sulfonamides Miloon endures for the treatment of
other major systemic infection, especially in the local application of
penicillin to try to avoid.
5. Combined with the need for a clear anti-infective indications. Most
of the clinical anti-infective agents can be infected with a control,
only to increase the joint use and treatment costs of adverse
reactions.
6. Should be used for program delivery, dose and treatment. Intravenous
administration should not be used for mild to moderate infections.
Should be based on pharmacokinetic parameters of the development of
drug delivery program. Excessive doses are not affordable or too small,
too small to have no therapeutic effect, anti-bacteria may be resistant
to; agent too prominent example is the penicillins, is not only a waste
of serious and easy to line-induced central nervous system toxicity and
electrolyte balance disorders and other adverse reactions.
Applications should normally be sustained
anti-infective agents
to the body temperature normal, the symptoms subsided within 72 ~ 96
hours, but sepsis, infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, purulent
meningitis, typhoid fever, brucellosis, tuberculosis and other cases
not. Such as the effects of medication could not acute infection in 48
~ 72 hours should consider changing or adjusting drug dosage.
Reference: Google
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Source From:
Pioneers Group